Starting a business in Thun, located in the scenic Canton of Bern, Switzerland, offers great opportunities in the region’s diverse economy. Thun is a hub for technology, tourism, and services, attracting both local and international entrepreneurs. However, to legally establish and operate a business in Thun, there are specific licenses and permits that must be secured at the federal, cantonal, and municipal levels. This guide provides a detailed breakdown of the business licenses and permits required, the processes for obtaining them, the associated costs, and the timeline for approval.
The Business Environment in Thun
Thun is known for its dynamic business environment, catering to industries such as manufacturing, tourism, and technology. The city’s proximity to Bern and Switzerland’s reliable infrastructure make it an attractive location for businesses of all sizes. Despite these benefits, it’s essential to comply with Swiss regulations and obtain the necessary permits and licenses. This guide is designed to help business persons and emerging entrepreneurs understand the legal requirements for operating in Thun.
Selecting the Right Business Structure
The first step in starting a business in Thun is selecting a legal structure. Your choice of business structure will affect the permits and licenses you need and will also determine your tax obligations and liability protection. Common business structures in Switzerland include:
- Sole Proprietorship (Einzelfirma): This structure is ideal for small businesses owned by one individual. It’s simple to establish but doesn’t provide personal liability protection.
- Limited Liability Company (GmbH): Suitable for small to medium-sized businesses, the GmbH provides limited liability protection for owners. A minimum capital of CHF 20,000 is required.
- Public Limited Company (AG): Best for larger companies, especially those seeking investment through shareholders. A minimum capital of CHF 100,000 is required.
- Branch Office: Foreign companies looking to operate in Switzerland can set up a branch office, which operates under the parent company’s structure.
Once you’ve chosen the appropriate business structure, you can proceed with registering the business and obtaining the necessary permits.
Federal Business Licenses and Permits
At the federal level, the Swiss government imposes several regulations on businesses, regardless of their location. Below are the key federal licenses and permits required to start a business in Thun:
1. Commercial Registry (Handelsregister)
All businesses operating in Switzerland must be registered with the Swiss Commercial Registry (Handelsregister). This registration ensures that your business is legally recognized and can operate in the country.
- Application Process: Submit the necessary documents, including details about the business’s legal structure, ownership, and purpose, to the Commercial Registry office in Bern.
- Cost: Registration fees typically range from CHF 600 to CHF 1,000, depending on the business structure and size.
- Timeline: Registration usually takes 5-10 business days.
2. VAT Registration (Mehrwertsteuer)
If your business generates more than CHF 100,000 in annual revenue, you must register for Value Added Tax (VAT) with the Swiss Federal Tax Administration. VAT is charged on taxable goods and services, and businesses are required to collect and remit VAT to the government.
- Application Process: Register online through the Federal Tax Administration’s portal.
- Cost: No cost for VAT registration, but businesses must charge VAT at the standard rate of 7.7%, with reduced rates for certain goods and services.
- Timeline: The registration process takes approximately 1-2 weeks.
3. Social Security Registration (AHV/IV)
If you have employees, you are required to register with Switzerland’s social security system (AHV/IV) to ensure compliance with pension, disability insurance, and unemployment insurance contributions.
- Application Process: Registration is done through the Swiss Compensation Office (Ausgleichskasse).
- Cost: Employers contribute approximately 5.275% of employees’ salaries to the social security system.
- Timeline: Registration generally takes 2-4 weeks.
Cantonal Business Permits in Bern
The Canton of Bern, where Thun is located, has additional regulations and permits that businesses must comply with. Below are the key cantonal permits required:
1. Building and Zoning Permits
If your business involves constructing, renovating, or modifying commercial property, you must obtain building and zoning permits from the Canton of Bern. These permits ensure that your project complies with local land-use, safety, and zoning regulations.
- Application Process: Submit your building and construction plans to the Bern Building Department (Baudepartement).
- Cost: Fees vary based on the size and complexity of the project, typically ranging from CHF 500 to CHF 10,000.
- Timeline: Approvals generally take 4-8 weeks.
2. Environmental Permits
If your business has a potential environmental impact, such as in the manufacturing, energy, or waste management industries, you must obtain an environmental permit from the Canton of Bern.
- Application Process: Submit an environmental impact assessment to the Cantonal Environment Office (Umweltamt).
- Cost: Fees typically start at CHF 1,000, depending on the size and nature of the business.
- Timeline: The approval process can take 4-12 weeks.
3. Health and Safety Permits
Businesses operating in industries such as food service, healthcare, and manufacturing must comply with health and safety regulations. You will need to obtain health and safety permits from the Bern Health Department (Gesundheitsamt).
- Application Process: Apply through the Bern Health Department.
- Cost: Fees typically range from CHF 200 to CHF 2,000, depending on the size and type of the business.
- Timeline: Approvals generally take 2-4 weeks.
Municipal Business Permits in Thun
In addition to federal and cantonal permits, businesses in Thun must comply with local municipal regulations. Below are the key municipal permits required:
1. Local Business License (Gewerbebewilligung)
All businesses operating within Thun must obtain a local business license to comply with the city’s trade and industry regulations.
- Application Process: Submit your application to the Thun Office of Economic Affairs (Amt für Wirtschaftsförderung).
- Cost: Fees range from CHF 100 to CHF 1,000, depending on the size and type of business.
- Timeline: Approval typically takes 1-2 weeks.
2. Alcohol License (Gastgewerbegesetz)
If your business involves selling alcohol, such as in a restaurant, bar, or café, you must obtain an alcohol license from the City of Thun.
- Application Process: Apply through the Thun Department of Commerce (Handelsdepartement).
- Cost: Alcohol license fees typically range from CHF 200 to CHF 2,000, depending on the type of establishment.
- Timeline: Approval generally takes 2-4 weeks.
3. Outdoor Seating and Signage Permits
If your business requires outdoor seating or signage, such as a café or restaurant, you will need to obtain additional permits from the City of Thun.
- Application Process: Apply to the Public Spaces Department (Amt für Stadtraum).
- Cost: Fees typically range from CHF 100 to CHF 500, depending on the size and location of the outdoor area or signage.
- Timeline: Approvals generally take 1-3 weeks.
Industry-Specific Licenses and Permits
Some industries in Thun may require additional licenses and permits based on the nature of the business. Below are a few industry-specific permits:
1. Financial Services License
Businesses operating in the financial services industry, such as banks and insurance companies, must obtain a license from the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA).
- Application Process: Submit business plans, financial statements, and proof of capital to FINMA.
- Cost: Fees typically range from CHF 5,000 to CHF 50,000, depending on the size and type of financial institution.
- Timeline: Approval typically takes 3-6 months.
2. Pharmaceutical and Medical Licenses
Businesses operating in the healthcare, pharmaceutical, or medical device sectors must obtain licenses from Swissmedic, the Swiss regulatory authority for therapeutic products.
- Application Process: Submit product information, safety protocols, and business plans to Swissmedic.
- Cost: Fees typically range from CHF 2,000 to CHF 15,000, depending on the business type.
- Timeline: Approval typically takes 3-6 months.
3. Hospitality and Food Service Licenses
Restaurants, cafés, and other hospitality businesses must comply with local health, safety, and food service regulations. These businesses require additional permits from the local health authorities in Thun.
- Application Process: Apply through the Thun Health Department.
- Cost: Fees typically range from CHF 500 to CHF 5,000, depending on the size and type of business.
- Timeline: The process typically takes 2-4 weeks.
Step-by-Step Guide to Obtaining Business Licenses and Permits
Here is a step-by-step guide to help you navigate the process of obtaining business licenses and permits in Thun:
- Select Your Business Structure: Choose the appropriate legal structure for your business (Sole Proprietorship, GmbH, AG, etc.).
- Register with the Commercial Registry: Complete the registration process with the Swiss Commercial Registry.
- Apply for VAT and Social Security: Register for VAT (if applicable) and social security contributions.
- Obtain Cantonal Permits: Apply for building, zoning, health, or environmental permits from the Canton of Bern.
- Apply for Municipal Licenses: Obtain the necessary local business license, alcohol permits, and any other municipal permits from the City of Thun.
- Obtain Industry-Specific Licenses: Ensure that you secure any necessary licenses from FINMA, Swissmedic, or other relevant authorities based on your industry.
Costs and Timelines Overview
| License/Permit | Cost (CHF) | Timeline (weeks) |
|---|---|---|
| Commercial Registry | 600 – 1,000 | 1-2 weeks |
| VAT Registration | No cost | 1-2 weeks |
| Social Security Registration | Varies (based on salary) | 2-4 weeks |
| Building/Zoning Permit | 500 – 10,000 | 4-8 weeks |
| Business License | 100 – 1,000 | 1-2 weeks |
| Alcohol License | 200 – 2,000 | 2-4 weeks |
Conclusion
Starting a business in Thun, Bern, requires compliance with a range of federal, cantonal, and municipal regulations. By following the steps outlined in this guide and securing the necessary licenses and permits, entrepreneurs can ensure that their businesses operate legally and successfully. Thun’s thriving business environment, combined with its strong infrastructure, offers great potential for businesses across various industries. With proper planning and adherence to legal requirements, your business can thrive in this vibrant Swiss city.
